Eco Biology and Behavior of Purple Swamphen (Porphyrio porphyria): A Review

Purple swamphen is a member of the Rallied family and is widely spread around wetlands and aquatic habitats. They are usually preferred undistributed habitat and thick vegetation areas near by the marshy and lagoons areas. Purple swamphen spreads widely in several regions of the world, such as southwest Asia, southwest Europe, Africa, Australia, New Zealand, Iran and some islands in the Pacific Ocean. They are usually constructed nests around the thick and dense vegetation and grassy areas present in and around water bodies. During the nest construction, they utilized aquatic plant matter. The breeding season and clutch size vary according to geographically. Generally, breeding season ranges from January to June. The clutch size ranges from three to six eggs per nest. Incubation period ranges from 19 days to lasts up to 27 days. Various factors such as small clutch size, egg predation by predators and high wind velocity influence the hatchling success and failure rate among purple swamphen. Habitat disturbance and hunting reduced the population and posed major threats to the survival of purple swamphens.